NIST Guide to Available Mathematical Software
List of numerical-analysis software (Wikipedia)
Community Portal for Automatic Differentiation
Mathematica - universal mathematical environment (can do anything)
Matlab - numerical mathematical environment
Octave - high-level interpreted language for numerical computations
Cuba - a library for multidimensional numerical integration
FORM - large-scale symbolic manipulation
Maxima - computer algebra system
Reduce - computer algebra system
Magma - computer algebra system
Comparison of statistical packages (Wikipedia)
IDL - Interactive Data Language
Origin - standalone tool for plotting functions and visualizing data
Comparison of IDEs (Wikipedia)
Visual Studio, see also VS Code